ABSTRACT Beer is a worldwide known alcoholic beverage due to many social and economic reasons and therefore the brewing market is expanding. Because of this, the variety of beers with varied organoleptic characteristics and different compositions was increased through the use of different adjuncts like wheat, rice, corn, among others. However, these adjuncts are targets for numerous Fusarium mycotoxins - mainly deoxynivalenol, zearalenone and fumonisins, these may cause toxic effects to animals and humans. These toxins are also implicated in economic losses, due to worldwide regulations applied for unprocessed and processed food products. Currently, the limits for several mycotoxins have been established for the raw materials involved in brewing, however, there is no specific regulation for mycotoxin contamination in beer; therefore it is essential to apply control measures for the presence of Fusarium mycotoxins during the beer processing.

RESUMO A cerveja é uma bebida alcoólica conhecida mundialmente devido a diversas razões sociais e econômicas e, portanto, o mercado cervejeiro está se expandindo cada vez mais. Com isso, aumentou-se a variedade de cervejas com características organolépticas variadas e diferentes composições através da utilização de adjuntos como trigo, arroz e milho, dentre outros. Entretanto, esses adjuntos são alvos de inúmeras micotoxinas. Dentre as micotoxinas produzidas pelo gênero Fusarium, destacam-se o desoxinivalenol, zearalenona e as fumonisinas, que proporcionam efeitos tóxicos para animais e humanos. Podem também ocasionar impacto significativo para a economia, uma vez que legislações são aplicadas para controle destas micotoxinas no produto final. Apesar dos limites para diversas micotoxinas serem estabelecidos para as matérias-primas envolvidas na produção de cerveja, até o momento, não existe legislação específica para os limites de micotoxinas em cerveja, sendo essencial a aplicação de medidas de controle para a presença das micotoxinas de Fusarium durante o processamento de cerveja.

A fast and efficient method has been developed and validated for the determination of fipronil in bovine plasma. Samples were subjected to solid-phase extraction (SPE) followed by reversed phase liquid chromatography (LC) separation, using acetonitrile/water (60:40 v/v) as the mobile phase with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and ultraviolet (UV) detection at 210 nm. Ethiprole was used as the internal standard (IS). The method was found to be linear over the range 5-500 ng/mL (r = 0.999). The limit of quantitation (LOQ) was validated at 5 ng/mL. The method was successfully applied to monitor plasma concentrations following subcutaneous administration of fipronil in cattle.